The Danube Swabian Migration

Zusatztext

This paper deals with the German immigration to the Danube region in the 17th and 18th centuries. Special attention will be paid to the Swabian migration under Karl VI, Maria Theresa and Joseph II. In Hungary four different settlement regions developed in the last centuries. The first three: 1. the middle part of the country (County Pest, Veszprém, Gran) with the Centre Budapest, 2. the south-eastern Transdanubia (Counties Tolna, Baranya, Somogy " the so called Swabian Turkey), 3. Eastern Hungary (County Szatmár) were regions of private, grand settlement ventures, which were regular but where methodicalness was restricted in its validity due to minority interests. The fourth big settlement area, South Hungary (Bácska, Bánság) was a result of public colonisation politics. This paper focuses on the Banat at the south-eastern periphery of the Great Plain (Álföld) between the rivers Danube, Tisza and Maros and the foothills of the South Carpathians.In Hungary and South Slaw a Bán was a high government official. His sphere of influence extended of a Banat (Bánság), which is comparable with a principality or duchy. During the middle ages there were several Banats in the South-eastern European region, but only the Banat of Temesvár lasted under its original name. As a part of the spread of the Hungarian power in eastern and South-Estern directions this area was annexed to the Hungarian Kingdom in the first part of the 11th century. After the defeat of Mohács in 1526 the lower Hungarian regions fell to the hands of the Ottoman Empire.

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